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Cinco de Mayo folklorico dancers |
I used to teach
elementary school, which colors the way I see most holidays. In the classroom, my favorite thing to say
was: "Let me tell you something the other teachers won't tell you..." and students would pay attention, as if they
were in on a secret. In a way they were.
History is full of secret truths.
Cinco de Mayo is the most misunderstood holiday,
and one that deserves some light shined on it. Before I go any further, I
should admit, it’s a holiday that has deeply affected my heart, forcing me to
make peace with my own culturally mixed heritage—my mestiza identity.
It
all starts with my childhood in Tracy, California.
My Mexican mother, Juana, had her name Americanized
to Jennie when she was entering school. Growing up, I never sensed any conflict
in this, and there was not much discussion about how she felt when it happened.
She grew up happy, eventually finding employment with the U.S. Government and assimilating
into American culture. My Irish-American father, Jack Ryan, blew into the
little cow-town of Tracy from Boston in the late 1950’s. He met my mother, sparks
flew madly, and wedding vows were soon exchanged. Jack and Jennie Ryan had five
stunning little kids, all completely insulated in a very Catholic culture, the
chosen and shared culture of my parents. I inherited Irish soulfulness from my
father, and a beautiful Mexican heritage from my mother.
In grade school, all of my friends were Mexican.
The first boy I ever loved—with my fourth-grade heart—was Mexican. As I grew,
my friends became more white and so did I. Soon, my cultural heritage was a stew,
and my life was a myriad of activities: band, guitar, track, writing, speech
and debate.
In high school, a few days before Tracy's
famous Cinco de Mayo parade (if you've never been to a Cinco de Mayo parade,
you are missing a true slice of Americana) I found out, via the Tracy Press,
that my sister Shari's friend, Melissa, had been crowned Tracy's Cinco de Mayo
queen. She would preside over the parade as she rode on a convertible
surrounded by festive color and flowers. I was livid. What the hell?! I thought
Melissa was like me: an English-speaking girl from an English-speaking family.
What right did she have to be Cinco de Mayo queen? Now she would be adored—like
our Lady of Guadalupe—and called a real Mexican-American.
I threw the paper down and got ready for
school. But as I got my makeup on, tears welled up in my eyes. Why did I care
about a stupid Mexican parade anyway? It was the first time I felt conflicted
about my heritage, and part of me felt orphaned. My perpetually tanned skin and
my straight black hair kind of hinted at a Mexican heritage, but what else about
me did?
On the way home from school that day, Melissa's
reign as Cinco de Mayo queen was the subject of conversation in our carpool.
"She definitely was the prettiest one,”
one of our friends said. Everyone agreed. We all knew that Cinco de Mayo queens
were ornamental—no speeches or talent were necessary—the primary job of the
queen was to smile and wave, a beautiful Mexican-American girl.
"Hey, Janet," one of my other
friends said, "Why didn't you run for Cinco de Mayo queen?" He meant
it as a compliment, really. He didn't
know how much the whole thing was a thorn in my mestiza heart.
"I don't have enough Cinco in my
Mayo," I said. Everyone thought that was funny. Even Mom
laughed.
I tuned the others out, recognizing a
strange, misplaced identity. I didn't know how to do it: be a real
Mexican-American. At my school, most of
the kids I saw as real Mexican kids were Spanish-speaking. Some were migrants who got free lunches
because their parents were working in the fields. They kept to themselves, and didn't really
seek out my friendship. Real Mexican guys wore cowboy hats and drove trucks. The
Chicanos, who celebrated their Mexican-American heritage, also looked different
from me. The vatos drove low riders; the Chicanas wore eyeliner with wings. I
could count my Spanish-speaking friends on one hand. This disparity was killing
me.
***
Cinco de Mayo was a reminder of how
homogenized I had become. It was a Hispanic Pride Day where all of the real
cowboys got out their rhinestone-studded black suits, big sombreros, and carried
Mexican flags as they rode atop horses. Beautiful, traditional folklorico dancers,
dressed in over-sized skirts, made hypnotic circles with their hems, becoming
symbols of culture and skill. While they danced, I stared. The holiday, for
everyone else, seemed to be about drinking.
Cinco de Mayo is an American holiday, celebrated
by immigrants who miss their homeland. It’s not Mexican Independence Day. It’s a
celebration of victory and surprise and tenacity of spirit.
The real reason it’s celebrated? Because
dancing in the presence of the enemy is the best feeling in the world. Now I’ll
tell you something the other teachers won’t tell you: why we celebrate.
In 1862, Mexico found itself in terrible
debt to foreign countries—mainly France, Spain and Great Britain—and it was experiencing
a national monetary crisis. After a long war, the Mexican government, led by
Benito Juárez, admitted it could not even pay the interest on the European
loans they had taken. The three countries, all with trained armies, decided to
unite and force Mexico to pay back the money it owed. By the end of the year,
European ships occupied Veracruz, Mexico's largest port. While Great Britain
and Spain were there only to negotiate repayment of loans, or so they said, the
French Army was out to enlarge their foreign empire. Napoleon Bonaparte’s
nephew, Napoleon III, looking to make a name for himself, gave orders to his
army to take Mexico by force. The French army took to the land, and pursued the
Mexican army, hoping to defeat them.
After several skirmishes, the French army officers
decided that Napoleon III had officially underestimated the spirit and the
power of the Mexicans. They sent word to their new president, who ignored their
missive. Then... (wait for it) on May 5 1862, in Puebla, a large city between
Mexico City and Veracruz, the French Army faced the Mexican army and were
defeated. Badly. Even after retreat, the French army lost five hundred soldiers.
The Mexican army only lost eighty-three. Benito Juárez declared the victory at
Puebla significant for Mexico, and declared that Cinco de Mayo would be a national
holiday.
News of the Mexican victory spread to the
western US, where Mexican miners in California were so overjoyed at the news
they celebrated by firing guns and singing patriotic songs. Thus, the first American
Cinco de Mayo party was born.
The Mexican Army's great show of strength on
Cinco de Mayo didn't end the war with the French. It took a lot of time, and
many years of battle, for the French to retreat and leave the country. After
the American Civil War was over, President Johnson, in order to “protect
American interests” dispatched the US Army to the Mexican border. Napoleon III realized
his predicament, and withdrew his troops from Mexico. The real story of Cinco
de Mayo has a moral: never underestimate Mexico or Mexicans! They will do more
with their hearts than most people can do with their heads.
***
As an adult, I found a way to reconnect with
my Mexican heritage, all year-round. I am currently writing and reading more
Spanish than I ever have in my whole life. Speaking it involves great
bravery--I am still so nervous as the words of my heart come out of my mouth. Español
es la lengua de mi corazón...
In my kitchen I really become Mexican. It
all started when I learned the secrets of a good enchilada sauce from my
grandma, who taught me how to cook all the Mexican staples. I connect with my
heritage when I make masa, and when I roll tortillas. I become Mexican American
when I assemble tamales, or menudo. With taste and smell, I celebrate being Mexican-American.
On Cinco de Mayo, I can’t dance folklorico,
or braid colorful ribbons in my hair,
but I don't have to be the Cinco de Mayo Queen to know I am a real
Mexican-American. I have what I need, here in my hands.
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Cinco de Mayo with my parents, 2018 |
My new family memoir, which addresses the homogenization of my Mexican culture is available here, through Prickly Pear Publishing